Key Highlights Three distinct enzyme classes: Papain and bromelain are plant-derived cysteine proteases; subtilisin is a microbially produced serine protease with different substrate specificity and pH profile. Selective action on dead skin: All three enzymes cleave...
Key Highlights BOD reduction of 30–50%: Bioscouring effluent has near-neutral pH and dramatically lower organic load than NaOH scouring waste. Tensile strength preserved: Enzymatic bioscouring results in less than 3% tensile strength loss versus 5–15% for NaOH...
Key Highlights Different substrates, complementary action: Alpha-amylase cleaves starch; xylanase hydrolyses arabinoxylans — their mechanisms do not compete. Dosage precision matters: Fungal alpha-amylase is dosed at 10–50 ppm; xylanase at 20–100 ppm of flour weight...
